Saiba o que é a doença aspergilose e como se proteger

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Afeta principalmente pessoas com imunidade baixa

Por Janary Damacena – Agência Voz

Você sabe o que é a aspergilose? É uma doença causada por um fungo chamado Aspergillus, que afeta principalmente pessoas com imunidade baixa. Esse fungo está no ambiente, especialmente em matéria orgânica em decomposição e entra no organismo pela respiração, já que seus esporos ficam suspensos pelo ar. Apesar disso, fique tranquilo: a transmissão não acontece de uma pessoa infectada para pessoa, nem mesmo de animais para humanos.

Mas atenção! A aspergilose pode ser grave, especialmente em pacientes imunocomprometidos, como os que estão em tratamento contra câncer ou receberam transplantes. Esse tipo de fungo pode se espalhar por sistemas de ventilação, roupas, objetos contaminados ou obras no local.

Os principais sintomas incluem:

●     Tosse persistente, às vezes com sangue

●     Dificuldade para respirar

●     Febre acima de 38°C

●     Perda de peso e dor no peito

Dependendo do estado de saúde, a aspergilose pode se apresentar de formas diferentes, desde reações alérgicas em quem tem asma até casos mais graves, em que o fungo atinge órgãos como pulmão, cérebro, coração e rins.

O diagnóstico combina exames clínicos, laboratoriais e de imagem. Já o tratamento é feito com antifúngicos específicos disponibilizados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde para pacientes diagnosticados.

Para se prevenir é fundamental evitar contato com poeira em construções ou solo, usar máscaras e luvas em ambientes de risco e, no caso de hospitais, manter o sistema de ventilação bem higienizado. Se você ou alguém próximo apresentar sintomas, procure um médico imediatamente.

Foto: Egor Komarov

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