“A Depressão Pós-Parto tem uma característica muito marcante que é a perda de vitalidade pra exercer a ação materna”, pontua Psicóloga Sabrina Aguiar Cerqueira

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Por Gabriela Costa Matias

No Brasil, em cada quatro mulheres, mais de uma apresenta sintomas de Depressão entre o período de 6 a 18 meses depois do Parto, de acordo com dados da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), realizada pela Pesquisadora Mariza Theme, da Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca (Ensp/Fiocruz),  no estudo Factors Associated with Postpartum Depressive Symptomatology in Brazil: The Birth in Brazil National Research Study, (Fatores Associados a Sintomatologia depressiva pós-parto no Brasil: O Estudo Nacional de Pesquisa Nascer no Brasil).

Ainda de acordo com a pesquisa, as mães que apresentaram sintomas de Depressão Pós-Parto, conforme o modelo final da análise realizada, são em maioria, mulheres da cor parda, com baixa condição socioeconômica, com antecedentes de Transtorno Mental, com hábitos não saudáveis, como o uso excessivo de álcool, paridade alta e que não planejaram a gravidez.

Alguns sintomas que acometem as mulheres diagnosticadas com Depressão Pós-Parto, são: – Melancolia; – Tristeza Profunda; – Períodos de Irritação Extrema; – Cansaço; – Desmotivação; – Falta de vontade para realizar coisas prazerosas; – Indisposição e Desânimo; – Perda ou ganho repentino de peso; – Preocupação; – Ansiedade; – Sentimento de Culpa; – Distúrbio do Sono.

O JS entrevistou com exclusividade a Psicóloga Clínica e Hospitalar, Mestranda em Psicologia da Saúde, Sabrina Aguiar Cerqueira que esclarece os principais sintomas da Depressão Pós-parto, quais os tratamentos e os cuidados com a mulher neste momento.

Confira os principais trechos da entrevista:

JS: O que é Depressão Pós-parto?

SABRINA AGUIAR CERQUEIRA: A Depressão Pós-Parto tem uma característica muito marcante que é a perda de vitalidade para exercer a ação materna. A gente costuma dizer que são as mães que estão presentes fisicamente, mas ausentes psiquicamente. É considerado um Transtorno Psíquico, de moderado a severo, que ocorre nas primeiras quatro semanas do Pós-Parto e tem relação direta com o nascimento do bebê e com as dificuldades com ele. A Depressão Pós-Parto dificulta a interação mãe e bebê. Até porque a mãe começa a apresentar na maioria das vezes um comportamento bastante mecânico operatório. Então as interações acabam se tornando muito empobrecidas. Sem expressão de afeto, sem brincadeiras. Essas mães elas costumam não ajustar a sua linguagem ao bebê, e isso ocorre em uma privação de estímulos cognitivos e de estímulos emocionais.

JS:  Como distinguir a simples tristeza Pós-Parto de curta duração que passa espontaneamente da Depressão que precisa ser tratada adequadamente?

SABRINA AGUIAR CERQUEIRA: A Tristeza Puerperal é uma situação transitória, característica principalmente em uma situação transitória determinada pela alteração do humor, de leve a moderada intensidade, que costuma ser rápida e envolve a sensação de tristeza, diminuição da concentração, insônia, choro fácil, fadiga e ansiedade, principalmente relacionado aos cuidados com o bebê. Essas alterações de humor geralmente duram de duas a três semanas no máximo, após o parto. Os fatores de risco vão incluir acontecimentos recentes, por exemplo, que a gestante vivenciou durante o período da gestação e agora nesse Pós-Parto inicial, um adoecimento da família, de um membro da família, a perda de alguém.

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