Documento foi apresentado hoje pelo embaixador André Correa
POR FABÍOLA SINIMBÚ – REPÓRTER DA AGÊNCIA BRASIL
O presidente e a diretora executiva da 30ª Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre Mudança do Clima (COP30), embaixador André Correa do Lago e Ana Toni apresentaram, nesta segunda-feira (10), uma carta com a visão brasileira sobre a cúpula que ocorrerá em novembro, em Belém (PA). O documento de 11 páginas reforça a importância da união entre os países para o enfrentamento de um desafio e preocupação comum a toda humanidade.
“A mudança é inevitável – seja por escolha ou por catástrofe. Se o aquecimento global não for controlado, a mudança nos será imposta, ao desestruturar nossas sociedades, economias e famílias”, destaca a carta.
Mais adiante, o documento aponta o caminho a ser seguido: a escolha dos países pela resiliência e pela ação para combater a catástrofe, o cinismo e o negacionismo. “Como nação do futebol, o Brasil acredita que podemos vencer “de virada”. Isso significa lutar para virar o jogo quando a derrota parece quase certa”, destaca.
A carta é direcionada aos líderes e partes interessadas nas negociações da Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudança do Clima (UNFCCC na sigla em inglês), segundo Corrêa do Lago, a intenção é que as ideias apresentadas extrapolem os 196 países-partes do tratado internacional e recebam a anuência, inclusive, de outras nações, reforçando um verdadeiro “mutirão global”.
“Isso também é um chamado, essa carta, para esses outros atores, além dos negociadores e dos governos centrais”, afirma o embaixador.
Um exemplo citado no documento foi a união de países pelo fim da 2ª Guerra Mundial, consolidada na instituição das Nações Unidas. Desta vez, será necessário ganhar tempo na ação climática durante esta última janela de oportunidade, reforça.
Brasília, (DF) 10/03/2025 – A secretária Nacional de Mudança do Clima do Ministério do Meio Ambiente e Mudança do Clima e Diretora-Executiva (CEO) da COP30, Ana Toni (e), e o secretário de Clima, Energia e Meio Ambiente do Ministério das Relações Exteriores e Presidente da COP30, Embaixador, André Corrêa do Lago (d), durante coletiva sobre o lançamento da Carta da Presidência da COP30. Foto: Fabio Rodrigues-Pozzebom/Agência Brasil – Fabio Rodrigues-Pozzebom/Agênci
“Quando nos reunirmos na Amazônia brasileira em novembro, devemos ouvir atentamente a ciência mais avançada e reavaliar o papel extraordinário já desempenhado pelas florestas e pelas pessoas que as preservam e delas dependem”, destaca sobre a importância de ouvir os povos tradicionais.
Acordo de Paris
Na avaliação dos negociadores brasileiros, o Acordo de Paris é funcional, mas as negociações precisam se traduzir em ação e principalmente em resultados efetivos. Esse papel cabe aos formuladores de políticas nacionais e líderes políticos, que serão julgados no futuro caso não respondam com firmeza à crescente crise climática. “Não haverá liderança global no século 21 que não seja definida pela liderança climática”, diz a carta.
Para os negociadores brasileiros, a COP30 será o ponto de apoio para a alavanca que ganhará força nas medidas de cada nação em direção à solução do problema global. “O local legítimo de negociação é o Acordo de Paris e Convenção do Clima. Por isso há essa grande separação entre o que é para ser negociado e a implementação que depende de outros organismos”, explica Corrêa do Lago.
Entre as pendências para o ambiente de negociação, a carta destaca a implementação do Balanço Global de Carbono (GST, na sigla em inglês), que é um mecanismo de transparência previsto no Acordo de Paris e sua primeira versão foi apresentada durante a COP28, em Dubai, nos Emirados Árabes Unidos. Com base no documento, os países precisam avançar na apresentação de suas Contribuições Nacionalmente Determinadas (NDCs na sigla em inglês) e seus Relatórios Bienais de Transparência.
Outra pendência destacada na carta foi a negociação sobre o programa de trabalho de transição justa (JTWP), que tratará dos temas mitigação, adaptação, financiamento, tecnologia e capacitação a partir da perspectiva de países mais vulneráveis.
A integração das agendas de temas transversais às mudanças climáticas também foi destacada no documento brasileiro como um importante tema a ser trabalhado durante a COP30, com forte participação popular, expandindo o papel e as contribuições dos povos indígenas e das comunidades locais.
“Quanto mais nossa luta contra as mudanças climáticas se torna onipresente, mais precisamos incorporar sinergias entre clima, biodiversidade, desertificação e nossos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS)”, diz a carta.
Nesse sentido, a presidência da COP30 se comprometeu a entregar um Balanço Ético Global (Global Ethical Stocktake – GES, em inglês) para ouvir um grupo geograficamente diverso de pensadores, cientistas, políticos, líderes religiosos, artistas, filósofos, povos e comunidades tradicionais.
Entre outras iniciativas e debates, a presidência da COP30 destacou a continuidade dos esforços na construção do Mapa do Caminho de Baku a Belém para US$ 1,3 trilhão. Um trabalho que teve início na COP29, em Baku, no Azerbaijão, e busca aprimorar formas de financiamento para garantir as ações climáticas, principalmente nos países menos desenvolvidos.
>>COP29 fecha acordo climático e chefe da ONU critica resultado
“Os choques climáticos podem não vir lentamente – eles podem surgir abruptamente, em mudanças irreversíveis”, alerta a carta, concluindo que a presidência da COP30 será o veículo do mutirão global para mover o mundo a um futuro onde liderarão as nações comprometidas com renovação, regeneração e cooperação global.
FOTO: © FABIO RODRIGUES-POZZEBOM/AGÊNCIA BRASIL
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