Diabetes Tipo 2 e perda muscular: o que você precisa saber sobre a Sarcopenia

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Condição silenciosa, a perda de massa muscular em pessoas com Diabetes Tipo 2 exige atenção. Médico explica a relação entre os quadros e como prevenir complicações

GIOVANNA REBELO ALVES – ASCOM/MGA PRESS (giovanna.rebelo@mgapress.com.br)

A Diabetes Tipo 2 é uma condição amplamente conhecida por seus impactos na Glicemia e na Saúde Cardiovascular. Sua prevalência cresceu no Brasil entre 2006 e 2019, passando de 5,5% para 7,4%, segundo o Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz. Dados mais recentes da pesquisa Vigitel Brasil 2023 indicam que mais de 10% dos brasileiros vivem com Diabetes, um aumento em relação a 2021

No entanto, um aspecto menos falado, mas igualmente preocupante, é a Sarcopenia, condição caracterizada pela perda progressiva de massa e força muscular, que pode afetar significativamente a qualidade de vida de quem convive com o diagnóstico. O alerta é do Dr. Carlos Alberto Reyes Medina, Diretor Médico da Carnot Laboratórios.

“Pessoas com Diabetes Tipo 2 apresentam maior risco de desenvolver Sarcopenia, especialmente à medida que envelhecem. É uma combinação perigosa que pode comprometer a mobilidade, aumentar o risco de quedas e tornar o tratamento da própria Diabetes mais desafiador”, afirma o Especialista.

Segundo o médico, a Sarcopenia em pacientes Diabéticos é favorecida por uma série de fatores: resistência à Insulina, Inflamação Crônica de baixo grau, alterações hormonais e sedentarismo. Com o tempo, essa perda de massa muscular também dificulta o controle da Glicose, já que o músculo é um dos principais tecidos responsáveis pela captação de Glicose no organismo.

“A redução da massa muscular gera um círculo vicioso. Quanto menos músculo, menor a capacidade de metabolizar a Glicose de forma eficiente. Isso pode agravar o quadro da Diabetes, levando a uma piora no Controle Glicêmico e aumentando o risco de complicações”, explica.

Por isso, o acompanhamento médico deve ir além da Glicemia. É preciso avaliar periodicamente a composição corporal, principalmente em pacientes acima dos 50 anos. “A Sarcopenia muitas vezes é negligenciada. Por ser silenciosa, só se torna evidente quando o paciente já apresenta dificuldade de subir escadas, carregar sacolas ou levantar-se da cadeira. Esses sinais devem ser levados a sério”, alerta Dr. Carlos.

Para prevenir a sarcopenia em pessoas com Diabetes Tipo 2, a recomendação é uma abordagem multifatorial, que inclui alimentação rica em Proteínas de boa qualidade, atividade física regular, especialmente musculação ou exercícios de resistência, e, em alguns casos, suplementação nutricional específica.

“A escolha do tratamento deve ser personalizada. Suplementos com aminoácidos essenciais, como Leucina, ou combinações que envolvam Proteínas, Vitaminas do Complexo B e Vitamina D podem ser indicados em algumas situações, sempre com orientação médica”, ressalta.

Dr. Carlos também destaca a importância do engajamento do paciente em seu próprio plano de cuidado. “A Sarcopenia é reversível em muitos casos, principalmente quando diagnosticada precocemente. Mas é preciso conscientização. Não basta controlar a Glicemia, precisamos olhar para o corpo como um todo.”

O alerta é claro: o cuidado com a musculatura não deve ser visto como um luxo ou algo estético, mas como uma necessidade clínica, especialmente em grupos mais vulneráveis. A boa notícia é que, com diagnóstico precoce e conduta adequada, é possível preservar a força, a autonomia e a qualidade de vida.

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