Júlio César Cardoso
O Legislativo Federal perde muito tempo com divergências partidárias e políticas, quando há problemas internos relacionados com a vida dos indivíduos que precisam ser acompanhados pelos legisladores. Um exemplo é a prestação de serviços públicos que deveriam ser gratuitos à população.
Atualmente, muitas cidades estão cobrando pelo estacionamento de vem áreas urbanas. Trata-se da chamada Zona Azul, ou Área Azul, determinada pelos municípios como estacionamento rotativo pago de veículos.
Pois bem, andar nas ruas (públicas) ou estacionar os veículos é um direito constitucional garantido a todos. Assim, o estacionamento rotativo pago não é justo:
(1) porque já se paga IPVA;
(2) porque é obrigação dos municípios devolver parte da arrecadação tributária em serviços públicos gratuitos à população. E entre esses serviços públicos gratuitos está a disponibilização de agentes públicos pelas prefeituras para disciplinar o uso de estacionamento nas cidades. Não se resolve um problema de natureza pública impondo ao cidadão a obrigação de pagamento de tributo.
A alegada democratização do uso de vagas não se opera taxando ou tributando o contribuinte, mas administrando a permanência dos veículos nos locais, sem a necessidade de onerar o bolso do contribuinte.
É verdade que os municípios têm competência para estabelecer regras relacionadas ao uso de veículos nas áreas urbanas. No entanto, os municípios cometem, ao meu ver, irregularidade constitucional ao aplicarem critérios subjetivos na classificação de áreas sujeitas à cobrança, caracterizando, assim, a inconstitucionalidade material da norma municipal.
Sabe-se que a cobrança de estacionamento de veículos em ruas também existe em outros países, decerto, amparada na sua Constituição. Porém, a nossa Constituição, no capítulo dos Direitos e Deveres, proíbe tratamento seletivo, desigual, ou seja, a cobrança deveria abranger todas as ruas.
Em regiões turísticas, por exemplo, a cobrança de estacionamento rotativo é uma exploração desnecessária, visto que o visitante já tem gastos com a sua permanência na cidade.
A verdade é que os municípios se excedem em sua competência ao criar fontes escorchantes de receitas, que tendem a beneficiar terceiros associados à prefeitura.
Na pior das hipóteses, deveria ser gratuito o estacionamento nas 2 (duas) primeiras horas, para que o cidadão possa ir ao médico, a repartições públicas, etc.
Essa matéria deveria ser objeto de lei federal para proibir, no país, a cobrança de estacionamento rotativo.
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