Em casos mais graves, a Poliomielite pode acometer os Neurônios Motores e provocar paralisia permanente. A principal forma de prevenir é a vacinação
Por Paloma Custódio – Agência Brasil 61
A paralisia infantil, também chamada de poliomielite, é uma doença infecciosa causada pelo poliovírus e transmitida de pessoa a pessoa pela via fecal-oral. A infectologista Raquel Stucchi, consultora da Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, explica que, nos casos mais graves, a poliomielite pode acometer os neurônios motores e provocar paralisia permanente.
“Mais frequentemente, o que nós vemos são os neurônios motores responsáveis pela mobilidade de membros inferiores, mas pode acometer também musculatura respiratória, por exemplo, em que a pessoa não consegue ter força na musculatura para respirar, e eventualmente nos membros superiores também.”
Apesar de o Brasil ter recebido o certificado de eliminação do poliovírus selvagem do território nacional em 1994 — como resultado da intensificação da vacinação —, o vírus continua circulando em outros países. Por isso, o diretor do Departamento do Programa Nacional de Imunizações do Ministério da Saúde, Eder Gatti, alerta os profissionais de saúde, pais ou responsáveis sobre a importância de vacinar os pequenos.
“A poliomielite é uma doença que, por muitas décadas, causou paralisia e morte em crianças. Só que essa doença não faz mais parte do nosso cenário epidemiológico graças à vacinação e o Brasil, desde 1989, não registra nenhum caso. Embora tenhamos eliminado a doença, ela ainda existe no mundo e pode ser reintroduzida no nosso país. Por isso, é muito importante que os pais levem seus filhos menores de cinco anos para checar a caderneta e atualizar a situação vacinal se necessário.”
Todas as crianças menores de 5 anos de idade devem ser vacinadas contra a pólio de acordo com o Calendário Nacional de Vacinação e na campanha anual. O esquema vacinal contra a poliomielite possui três doses de vacina inativada — aos 2, 4 e 6 meses de idade — e mais duas doses de reforço com a vacina oral bivalente, a gotinha.
Vale lembrar que a vacina protege as crianças por toda a vida e é segura.
Procure uma unidade básica de saúde e cuide bem dos nossos futuros campeões. Vamos nos unir ao Movimento Nacional pela Vacinação.
Para mais informações, acesse: www.gov.br/vacinacao.
Foto Capa: Marcelo Camargo/Agência Brasil
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