Vacina contra dengue tem eficácia comprovada em adolescentes

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Pesquisa realizada no Brasil mostra que Qdenga reduz em até 67,5% as hospitalizações por dengue em jovens de 10 a 14 anos

POR MARIANA RAMOS – AGÊNCIA BRASIL 61 (agenciadoradio@agenciadoradio.com.br)

Um estudo conduzido pela Fiocruz e pela Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) comprovou a eficácia da vacina contra dengue TAK-003, conhecida como Qdenga, em adolescentes. A pesquisa, realizada no Brasil durante a epidemia de dengue de 2024, que vitimou mais de seis mil pessoas, foi publicada em 19 de agosto na revista científica The Lancet Infectious Diseases.

A vacina é aprovada pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa) para pessoas de 4 a 60 anos, fornecida pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e atualmente tem sua aplicação focada em adolescentes entre a idade de 10 a 14 anos. 

Com base em mais de 92 mil testes realizados em jovens dessa faixa etária no estado de São Paulo, os resultados apontaram que uma única dose da vacina oferece aproximadamente 50% de proteção contra casos sintomáticos e 67,5% de eficácia na prevenção de hospitalizações decorrentes da doença. A pesquisa também observou que a eficácia da primeira dose diminui após 90 dias, reforçando a necessidade de complementar o esquema vacinal com duas doses. 

O estudo utilizou o método “teste-negativo”, que cruzou dados da vigilância epidemiológica com registros de vacinação. Além disso, confirmou que a vacina é eficaz contra os sorotipos 1 — o mais comum —  e 2, que tende a ser mais grave, do vírus da dengue. 

Segundo dados do Ministério da Saúde, a situação epidemiológica apresenta queda de 75,07% nos casos, em comparação com o ano passado. Em 2024, foram registrados 6.167 óbitos por dengue, enquanto em 2025, até o momento, foram relatados 1.584 mortes. Entre os 27 estados, o Acre é o que apresenta maior crescimento no número de casos, à medida que outros registram redução. 

A dengue é uma arbovirose transmitida pela fêmea do mosquito Aedes aegypti, responsável por surtos frequentes no país, especialmente na temporada chuvosa, de outubro a maio. Condições como urbanização acelerada, falta de saneamento básico e fatores climáticos agravam o cenário e favorecem a contaminação. 

Foto: Agência Gov

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