Uso de benefícios isentos de tributação permite que escapem da mordida do Leão, enquanto assalariados arcam com a maior carga fiscal.
Por Rodrigo Almeida – Ascom
No Brasil, quem legisla sobre impostos muitas vezes é quem menos sente seu peso. Essa distorção fica evidente ao observar os dados da Câmara dos Deputados: enquanto o trabalhador comum tem boa parte da sua renda comprometida com o Imposto de Renda, os parlamentares federais estruturam sua remuneração de forma a maximizar os ganhos líquidos e minimizar a tributação.
Agora em 2025, o salário-base (subsídio) de um deputado federal é de R$ 46.366,19, conforme o Decreto Legislativo nº 172/2022. Mas esse valor representa apenas parte da realidade. Somados os penduricalhos e benefícios, o total mensal pago aos parlamentares pode facilmente ultrapassar R$ 93 mil e mais da metade disso não sofre incidência de Imposto de Renda.
Os benefícios e penduricalhos
De acordo com o Portal da Transparência da Câmara, os deputados federais recebem:
- Salário bruto (subsídio): R$ 46.366,19
- Cota para o Exercício da Atividade Parlamentar (CEAP):
- De R$ 30.788,66 (DF) a R$ 49.747,62 (Roraima)
- Média nacional estimada: R$ 43.000,00/mês
- Auxílio-moradia: R$ 4.253,00 (caso não ocupem imóvel funcional)
- Diárias de viagem: R$ 842,00 por dia
- Ajuda de custo (início e fim de mandato): Cerca de R$ 46.366,19
- Assistência à saúde: reembolso integral das despesas médicas e odontológicas mediante comprovação
A maioria desses valores é classificada como verba indenizatória, e por isso, não entra na base de cálculo do Imposto de Renda.
A crítica de quem entende o sistema por dentro
Para o tributarista André Charone, mestre em negócios internacionais e autor do livro “A Verdade sobre o Dinheiro”, essa blindagem fiscal é uma das mais perversas formas de desigualdade institucionalizada.
“Os parlamentares não estão fazendo nada ilegal. Mas o problema está justamente aí: o sistema é legalmente desenhado para protegê-los da tributação. A estrutura da remuneração dos deputados e senadores é pensada para driblar o Leão dentro da lei”, aponta Charone.
Segundo ele, o sistema permite que o parlamentar receba quase o dobro do seu salário oficial, mas pague imposto apenas sobre uma parte. “Enquanto o trabalhador assalariado não tem para onde correr tudo é tributado na fonte, os parlamentares vivem de um pacote de benefícios que foge da lógica da progressividade tributária”, completa.
Comparativo: quem paga mais imposto?
Charone destaca ainda:
“Esses números mostram que, no mundo dos políticos, quem ganha mais paga menos proporcionalmente. Isso contraria os princípios mais básicos da justiça fiscal. É como se o sistema dissesse que o esforço contributivo vale só para quem não tem poder político.”
Reforma tributária ignorou o topo da pirâmide
A Reforma Tributária avançou em temas como unificação de tributos sobre consumo e taxação de fundos exclusivos, mas, até o momento, não mexeu no regime de remuneração e benefícios do Legislativo.
Para André Charone, isso escancara uma falha ética e estrutural:
“A elite política brasileira legislou uma reforma para os outros — e manteve seus próprios privilégios intactos. Nenhuma reforma será completa enquanto os que fazem as leis continuarem protegidos delas.”
Quando o privilégio fiscal é regra, a justiça tributária vira exceção
A situação vivida pelos deputados federais evidencia uma verdade incômoda: o sistema tributário brasileiro não trata todos os contribuintes com a mesma régua. Ao estruturar suas remunerações por meio de auxílios e verbas indenizatórias legalmente isentas de Imposto de Renda, os parlamentares podem conseguir ganhos mensais superiores a R$ 90 mil, mas tributam efetivamente menos de metade desse valor.
Enquanto isso, o trabalhador comum, o autônomo e o pequeno empresário, cujas rendas são rigidamente monitoradas pela Receita Federal, não têm qualquer espaço de manobra. Toda a sua renda é tributada na fonte, sem direito a reembolsos, auxílios ou gabinetes com orçamento próprio.
Para o tributarista André Charone, essa é a materialização do que ele chama de “paradoxo fiscal brasileiro”:
“Quem tem mais renda, mais influência e mais acesso ao poder paga proporcionalmente menos. E quem está na base da pirâmide, com renda fixa, pouca margem de dedução e nenhum benefício institucional, sustenta o sistema.”
O efeito disso é uma perda de confiança no sistema tributário, que passa a ser visto não como um instrumento de equilíbrio social, mas como um mecanismo de perpetuação de desigualdades. A consequência vai além da injustiça fiscal: compromete a credibilidade das instituições e o próprio pacto federativo.
Enquanto reformas não tocarem nos privilégios de quem faz as leis, a tão falada “justiça tributária” será apenas um conceito bonito nos discursos de campanha e um pesadelo para quem paga imposto na prática.
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