Nova pesquisa, conduzida pelo Neurocientista Dr. Fabiano de Abreu, propõe que comportamentos agressivos em crianças Autistas não verbais com altos níveis de suporte podem ser uma resposta de sobrevivência do “cérebro reptiliano”, e não um ato intencional.
POR ASCOM/MF PRESS GLOBAL (educacao@pressmf.global)
Um novo estudo publicado na Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales oferece uma nova e importante perspectiva Neurobiológica para compreender os comportamentos agressivos em crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA), especialmente em indivíduos não verbais que necessitam de Suporte Substancial (Níveis 2 e 3). A pesquisa, conduzida pelo Físico Mestre em Psicologia Adriel Pereira da Silva e pelo Neurocientista Dr. Fabiano de Abreu Agrela, do Centro de Pesquisa e Análises Heráclito (CPAH), analisa estas manifestações como uma ativação dos mecanismos primitivos de “luta ou fuga”.
O artigo argumenta que, para estas crianças, a agressividade (seja contra si ou contra outros) muitas vezes não é um comportamento deliberado, mas uma resposta instintiva a situações que são percebidas como ameaçadoras ou insuportáveis. Fatores como a incapacidade de comunicar verbalmente a frustração ou a dor, a sobrecarga sensorial (luzes, sons, texturas) e a quebra de rotinas podem ativar a parte mais primitiva do cérebro.
Essa área, conhecida como “Cérebro Reptiliano”, é responsável pelas nossas reações de sobrevivência mais básicas. Quando confrontado com uma ameaça, ele dispara uma cascata de hormônios, como Adrenalina e Cortisol, que preparam o corpo para lutar, fugir ou congelar, tudo de forma automática e sem necessidade de pensamento racional.
Dr. Fabiano de Abreu, Pós-PhD em Neurociências e coautor da pesquisa, explica a conexão. “Em um Cérebro Neurotípico, o Neocórtex, a parte mais racional, modula essas respostas primitivas. No Autismo, especialmente com dificuldades de comunicação e sobrecarga sensorial, essa modulação pode ser menos eficaz. O estímulo que para nós é neutro, para eles pode ser uma ameaça avassaladora, ativando diretamente o Cérebro Reptiliano. Sem ter como verbalizar o medo ou a frustração, a resposta de ‘luta’ manifesta-se fisicamente. A agressividade torna-se a única forma de comunicação da criança em seu estado de emergência”, detalha.
Esta compreensão muda radicalmente a forma de intervir. Em vez de uma abordagem punitiva para o comportamento, o estudo sugere estratégias focadas na prevenção e na empatia:
- Identificar e minimizar os gatilhos que causam estresse e sobrecarga.
- Oferecer meios de Comunicação Aumentativa e Alternativa (CAA), como sistemas de troca de figuras (PECS) ou dispositivos eletrônicos, para dar à criança uma “voz”.
- Ensinar habilidades de autorregulação para ajudar a criança a gerir a sobrecarga sensorial e emocional.
A pesquisa conclui que, ao reconhecer a agressividade como um pedido de ajuda vindo da parte mais instintiva do Cérebro, é possível criar intervenções mais humanas e eficazes. O objetivo deixa de ser apenas suprimir o comportamento e passa a ser equipar a criança com as ferramentas necessárias para navegar no mundo e comunicar as suas necessidades de forma segura.
O artigo “Luta ou Fuga no Espectro Autista: Uma Análise Comparativa dos Mecanismos Primitivos do Cérebro Reptiliano e a Agressividade em Crianças Não Verbais de Níveis de Suporte 2 e 3” pode ser consultado na Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales.
Foto Capa: Divulgação / MF Press Global
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