São João: Farmacêutica alerta sobre riscos de misturar álcool com medicamentos durante as festas juninas 

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Analgésicos comuns como o Paracetamol, Ibuprofeno e o Ácido Acetilsalicílico podem causar danos ao Fígado, Estômago e Rins

POR GISELE ALMEIDA – ASCOM/AGÊNCIA COMUNIC.ATIVA (gisele@comunicativaassociados.com.br)

Desde o início do mês de junho, as festas de São João se espalham por todo o Estado da Bahia, da capital ao interior. Sinônimo de tradição, cultura e diversão, os festejos juninos são muito aguardados pelos nordestinos. Mas, para que a alegria não dê lugar a imprevistos, é fundamental aproveitar esse período com atenção à saúde e aos cuidados necessários para garantir uma celebração tranquila. 

Um desses cuidados é com a mistura de álcool e medicamentos. O uso inadequado de medicações como analgésicos e antiácidos, por exemplo, que prometem agir contra a ressaca, pode ser perigoso.  

É o que esclarece a Farmacêutica e professora do curso de Farmácia do Centro Universitário UniFG, Bárbara Sodré. De acordo com ela, o álcool pode tanto potencializar quanto neutralizar o efeito de vários medicamentos. Essas interações ocorrem por mecanismos farmacodinâmicos, quando o álcool altera o efeito do medicamento no organismo; ou farmacocinéticos, quando interfere na absorção, metabolismo ou eliminação.  

“A ingestão de bebidas alcoólicas associada ao uso de medicamentos pode causar reações adversas graves, além de potencializar os efeitos colaterais já conhecidos desses fármacos. Essa combinação pode provocar desconfortos, mal-estar e danos à saúde, especialmente em pessoas que fazem uso crônico de álcool”, destaca.  

A Farmacêutica enumera alguns medicamentos que apresentam maior risco de interação com o álcool: 

  • Paracetamol (Acetaminofeno): pode causar Hepatotoxicidade, ou seja, lesões no Fígado, especialmente quando combinado ao álcool, que também é metabolizado por esse órgão; 
  • Codeína: o uso conjunto com álcool pode levar a depressão respiratória, sedação intensa e até risco de coma, devido ao efeito aditivo no Sistema Nervoso Central; 
  • Ibuprofeno, Diclofenaco e Naproxeno: esses Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroidais (AINEs) podem aumentar significativamente o risco de problemas Gastrointestinais, como Gastrite, Úlceras e sangramentos, além de lesões renais e até Hepatotoxicidade, semelhante ao Paracetamol; 
  • Sedativos: pode aumentar a sedação, e consequentemente levar o risco de quedas, acidentes de trânsito e overdoses fatais; 
  • Antibióticos: embora não existam estudos conclusivos sobre a interação do álcool com todos os Antibióticos disponíveis, sabe-se que o consumo de álcool em doses elevadas pode comprometer o Sistema Imunológico, dificultando a resposta ao tratamento de infecções. Além disso, tanto o álcool quanto a maioria dos Antibióticos são metabolizados pelo Fígado, o que pode levar à sobrecarga hepática. Um exemplo notório é o Metronidazol, que, quando ingerido com álcool, pode causar uma reação do tipo Antabuse — caracterizada por Palpitações, queda de Pressão Arterial, náuseas intensas e dificuldade respiratória. 

Combinação segura 

Segundo a professora da UniFG, Instituição pertencente ao Ecossistema Ânima, não se deve generalizar a recomendação sobre o uso combinado de bebidas alcoólicas e medicamentos. Ou seja, cada caso precisa ser avaliado individualmente, com atenção especial a determinados tratamentos que apresentam maior risco de interação. “Por isso, é fundamental consultar um profissional de saúde antes de utilizar qualquer medicamento e sempre ler atentamente a bula, que contém informações essenciais sobre interações medicamentosas, contraindicações e precauções”, alerta Bárbara Sodré.  

Além disso, a Farmacêutica chama a atenção para a importância do consumo moderado de bebidas alcoólicas. Segundo explica, o consumo moderado se classifica pela ingestão de um a duas doses padrão por dia, o que corresponde, aproximadamente, a 45 a 90 ml para bebidas destiladas (como uísque, vodka ou cachaça), 150 a 300 ml para vinho e 350 a 700 ml para cerveja. 

Os antiácidos e os denominados “kits ressaca” 

Muito populares entre quem exagera na bebida, os chamados “kits ressaca” costumam conter uma combinação de medicamentos como Analgésicos, Antiácidos e Complexos Vitamínicos. Embora alguns desses itens possam aliviar sintomas pontuais, o uso indiscriminado ou combinado pode ser perigoso, especialmente para pessoas com doenças no Fígado, no Estômago ou que já fazem uso de outros medicamentos. 

A Farmacêutica Bárbara Sodré destaca que, dentre os Analgésicos mais comuns, o Paracetamol é um dos mais preocupantes: combinado ao álcool, pode causar Hepatotoxicidade Grave. Além disso, o Ibuprofeno e o Ácido Acetilsalicílico (AAS) também são arriscados, com chances aumentadas de Gastrite, Úlceras e Lesão Renal.  

Ainda de acordo com a Especialista, a Dipirona costuma ser uma opção mais segura, mas ainda deve ser usada com cautela e somente em casos de necessidade. “Já os Antiácidos simples, como ENO e Magnésia, são geralmente seguros para aliviar azia e desconforto gástrico. Por outro lado, protetores gástricos como Omeprazol não têm efeito imediato e não funcionam para sintomas agudos da ressaca. Entre as vitaminas, o Complexo B pode ajudar na recuperação do Fígado e do Sistema Nervoso, e a Glicose e os Eletrólitos auxiliam na reidratação e no alívio da fraqueza”, completa. 

Já no que se refere ao medicamento Engov, a professora faz um alerta importante. O próprio fabricante aponta, em bula, que se trata de um remédio contraindicado para pacientes com histórico de alcoolismo crônico. Além disso, não é indicado o seu uso combinado a bebidas alcoólicas e outras substâncias que deprimem o Sistema Nervoso Central. 

“Importante destacar que misturar diferentes medicamentos sem orientação pode mascarar sintomas importantes, atrasar o diagnóstico de problemas mais sérios e até levar ao uso abusivo desses ‘kits’ e das bebidas alcoólicas. Além disso, o uso frequente dessas combinações pode transmitir a falsa ideia de que é possível beber em excesso sem consequências”, alerta a Farmacêutica.  

Prevenção da ressaca 

A prática de tomar medicamentos antes de consumir bebidas alcoólicas com o objetivo de “prevenir a ressaca” tem se tornado comum, mas a Farmacêutica garante: além de ineficaz, essa estratégia pode causar sérios riscos à saúde. “Medicamentos como Paracetamol, Ibuprofeno e Omeprazol são frequentemente utilizados de forma preventiva, mas isso não impede os efeitos da ressaca e pode até agravar os danos ao organismo. Ou seja: tomar medicamentos antes de beber não previne a ressaca e pode mascarar sinais importantes de intoxicação alcoólica, sobrecarregando Fígado, Estômago e Rins”, defende a Especialista. 

Sodré indica algumas medidas simples que realmente ajudam a prevenir a ressaca sem o uso de remédios: 

  • Alimente-se bem antes e durante o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas;
  • Intercale bebidas alcoólicas com água; 
  • Evite misturar diferentes tipos de álcool; 
  • Durma o suficiente após a ingestão; 
  • Modere na quantidade e no ritmo do consumo. 

Recuperação segura 

Depois de uma noite de exageros, é comum acordar com os sintomas clássicos da ressaca: dor de cabeça, náuseas, fraqueza e mal-estar. Contudo, de acordo destaca a Farmacêutica Bárbara Sodré, a recuperação pode ser feita de forma segura e orientada, a fim de evitar complicações. 

“Beba bastante água ao longo do dia, aposte em líquidos com eletrólitos (água de coco, sucos naturais, soro caseiro) e evite café e energéticos, que podem piorar a desidratação. Coma leve e nutritivo (frutas, verduras, alimentos menos calóricos). O Estômago fica sensível e o Fígado precisa metabolizar a bebida alcoólica, o que limita a produção de Bile, que é responsável por ajudar a digestão e absorção de gorduras e vitaminas”, orienta a docente. 

A Farmacêutica acrescenta que o repouso também é fundamental para a pronta recuperação, além de evitar esforço físico e, em caso de dor de cabeça, priorizar ambientes calmos, escuros e silenciosos. Ademais, dormir bem ajuda o corpo a eliminar o álcool e acelerar a recuperação. 

Sodré indica alguns medicamentos que podem ajudar na recuperação, desde que usados com cautela: 

  • Dor de cabeça: Dipirona (500-1000 mg) – Melhor que Paracetamol, que sobrecarrega o fígado; 
  • Azia/Refluxo: Antiácidos simples – Uso pontual, sem exageros; 
  • Náusea: Metoclopramida (Plasil) – Evitar se desidratado; 
  • Cólica / gases: Simeticona ou Escopolamina – Seguros nesse contexto; 
  • Fraqueza: Complexo B (B1, B6, B12) – Ajuda na recuperação Neurológica e Hepática. 

Sinais de alerta  A professora da UniFG chama a atenção, por fim, para os sintomas que podem indicar um quadro mais grave. É importante buscar atendimento médico em caso de sintomas como vômitos persistentes; icterícia (olhos ou pele amarelada); confusão mental; tremores ou desmaios; dor abdominal intensa ou falta de urina ou urina muito escura; especialmente se durarem mais de 24h.

Foto: Divulgação

144 comentários em “São João: Farmacêutica alerta sobre riscos de misturar álcool com medicamentos durante as festas juninas ”

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